Risks and Side Effects of THC

THC is the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis. It has a range of effects on the body and mind. While some people use it for medical or recreational purposes, it also comes with potential risks and side effects.

Short term effects

  1. Cognitive Impairment

    • THC affects short-term memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.

    • Can lead to confusion and difficulty concentrating.

  2. Altered Perception & Coordination Issues

    • Distorted sense of time, space, and sensory perception.

    • Impaired motor skills, affecting activities like driving and operating machinery.

  3. Increased Heart Rate (Tachycardia)

    • Can raise heart rate by 20-50 beats per minute for several hours.

    • May increase the risk of heart complications, especially in people with existing heart conditions.

  4. Anxiety, Paranoia & Panic Attacks

    • Some users experience heightened anxiety, restlessness, or paranoia, particularly at higher doses.

    • Can trigger panic attacks in those predisposed to anxiety disorders.

  5. Dry Mouth & Red Eyes

    • THC reduces saliva production, leading to dry mouth.

    • Causes blood vessels in the eyes to expand, resulting in redness.

  6. Dizziness, Nausea & Fatigue

    • Some users feel dizzy or lightheaded, particularly when standing up too quickly.

    • Higher doses may cause nausea or extreme fatigue.

  7. Hallucinations & Psychotic Symptoms (In High Doses)

    • Rare but possible at very high doses, particularly in those with a history of mental health conditions.

Long-Term Effects

  1. Cognitive Decline & Memory Issues

    • Prolonged THC use, especially during adolescence, may impact brain development.

    • Can lead to long-term memory and learning difficulties.

  2. Mental Health Risks

    • Chronic THC use may contribute to depression, anxiety disorders, or worsen preexisting mental health conditions.

    • Heavy use has been linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia or psychosis, particularly in those with a genetic predisposition.

  3. Addiction & Dependence (Cannabis Use Disorder)

    • About 9% of cannabis users develop a dependency; this rate increases to 17% for those who start in adolescence.

    • Symptoms of dependence include cravings, withdrawal (irritability, insomnia, mood swings), and difficulty controlling use.

  4. Respiratory Issues (When Smoked)

    • Similar to tobacco smoke, cannabis smoke contains harmful toxins that can irritate the lungs.

    • Chronic use may cause coughing, wheezing, and bronchitis-like symptoms.

  5. Amotivational Syndrome

    • Long-term use has been associated with reduced motivation, productivity, and overall drive.

    • Some users report a lack of ambition or interest in daily activities.